Identifikasi dan Evaluasi Tingkat Keparahan Penyakit Blas Tanaman Padi serta Pengetahuan Petani di Kabupaten Gianyar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/Keywords:
blast, Pyricularia oryzae, riceAbstract
Identification and evaluation of disease severity and farmer’s knowledge of rice blast disease in Gianyar Regency. Blast is a primary disease in rice caused by Pyricularia oryzae. The symptoms of blast disease are characterized by diamond-shaped spots, brown edge and grayish-white spot on the inside. The aim of this research were to identify incident, severity and farmer’s knowledge of rice blast disease in five sub-districts in Gianyar Regency. The research were done by direct interview of 60 farmers and observation of rice blast disease. Every sub-district with a minimum area of 1.000 m2 and 10 rice plots was used for observations. From each plot, 10 diagonally selected clumps were examined for blast disease symptoms in the early vegetative, late vegetative, and generative phase. The results showed that Ubud District had the highest incidence of blast disease in the early vegetative phase (37.5%), followed by Tegallalang District in the late vegetative phase (62.9%) and generative phase (53.3%). Sukawati District had the lowest percentage across all phase with percentage of 20.3%, 42.6% and 38.5%. Furthermore, Sukawati District had the highest percentage of disease severity across all phase (11.84%, 32.03% and 40.23%), while Tampaksiring District had the lowest rates in early vegetative phase (4.21%) and generative phase (10.38%), followed by Ubud District in the late vegetative phase (5.29%). Based on the results, Tegallalang District and Sukawati District had the highest disease incident and severity, while Sukawati District and Tampaksiring District had the lowest disease incident and severity. Furthermore, the majority of farmers possess limited understanding of the causes and management of blast disease (78.33% and 96.67%). Thus, education and outreach regarding rice cultivation techniques and disease control are necessary to reduce prevent blast attacks in rice.
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