Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Studi Fenologi Bunga Ratna (Gomphrena Globosa L.) Fenotipe Ungu, Putih, dan Merah Muda dari Daerah Sibang Gede, Kabupaten Badung

Abstract

Morphological Characterization and Phenology Study of Bunga Ratna (Gomphrena globosa L.) Purple, White, and Pink Phenotipe from Sibang Gede Area, Badung Regency. Gomphrena globosa L. are flowers that have many benefits. Balinese people often use ratna flowers as a means of ceremonies, ornamental flowers for decoration, and natural food coloring. In addition, the compounds contained in ratna flowers can also be useful as antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant. Ratna flowers have a lot of advantages, so it is necessary to develop the cultivation of ratna flower plants so that their production is more maximal. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the characterization of the morphology and phenology of ratna flower plants in the Sibang Gede Area, as well as to know the color phenotype of ratna flower plants can show differences in the phenology of the plant. The methods used in this study are qualitative and quantitative methods for morphological characterization and phenological studies. The method of determining the sampling area was carried out using the purposive sampling technique. The sampling method uses simple random sampling. The results obtained from this study are the morphological characterization of purple, white and pink phenotype ratna flower plants from Sibang Gede Area, Badung Regency showing that the morphological character of each phenotype only has a significant difference in the color of the flowers, while the morphological character of other parts of the plant has the same character. The phenology of ratna flower plants is divided into several phases, namely the germination phase, the vegetative phase, the generative phase, the flower emergence phase, the flower shape change phase and the flower producing physiologically ripe seeds phase. The color phenotype in ratna flower plants shows differences in phenology, namely in the purple phenotype, flowers appear faster than the white phenotype and the pink phenotype. As for the fastest growth, it is found in the white phenotype. The generative phase of the three phenotypes of ratna flower plants is at 70 days after planted until the plant senescence at 180 days after planted.