Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) untuk Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Lasiodiplodia sp. Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Buah Pisang Raja

Abstract

Effectiveness of Green Betel Leaf Ekstract (Piper betle L.) to Inhibit the Growth of the Fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. the Cause of Stem End Rot Disease in Banana. Stem end rot disease caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. is one of the most important diseases that can reduce the yield of banana. The current control to overcome stem end rot disease is still using synthetic fungicides. The use of botanical fungicides is necessary to reduce the negative impact of synthetic fungicides. Green betel leaf is one of the plants whose extracts can be used as a botanical fungicide. This study aims to test the effectiveness of green betel leaf extract against the fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. causing stem end rot disease in banana. Colony test used eight concentrations of extracts, namely 0.08%; 0.16%; 0.32%; 0.40%; 0.48%; 0.56%; 0.64% and control. The in vivo test used five concentrations namely 0.4%; 0.8%; 1.2%; 1.6%; 2% and control. The results showed that green betel leaf extract with a concentration of 0.40% can suppress the growth of Lasiodiplodia sp. fungus on PDA media, which means it is feasible to use as a botanical fungicide.  The results of the in vivo test showed that the treatment of green betel leaf extract at a concentration of 2% could reduce stem end rot disease on banana caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. The 2% extract concentration could reduce stem end rot disease on banana by 48.75% when compared to the control.