KONFLIK NORMA DAN KONVERSI SANKSI HUKUMAN MATI BAGI TERPIDANA GANGGUAN JIWA DALAM KUHP BARU
Keywords:
Death Penalty, Mental Disorder, New Penal Code, Sanction Conversion, Human Rights.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konflik normatif antara prinsip peniadaan pidana Pasal 39 dengan ketentuan penundaan eksekusi hukuman mati Pasal 99 ayat (4) bagi terpidana gangguan jiwa, serta merumuskan implikasi yuridis sifat alternatif hukuman mati dalam KUHP Baru dan menawarkan solusi konversi sanksi sebagai perlindungan HAM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Bahan hukum primer dianalisis secara kualitatif-normatif dengan menguji konsistensi (uji hierarki norma) terhadap UUD 1945. Hasil studi menunjukkan adanya kontradiksi fundamental pada Pasal 99 ayat (4) bertentangan dengan asas pertanggungjawaban pidana Pasal 39 dan melanggar hak non-derogable UUD 1945, khususnya hak untuk tidak disiksa, karena mempertahankan vonis mati di tengah ketidakmampuan jiwa terpidana. Sifat alternatif hukuman mati dalam KUHP Baru tidak mengubah dasar pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi subjek yang tidak cakap.
This study aims to analyze and harmonize the normative conflict between the principle of eliminating criminal punishment Article 39 and the provision for postponing the execution of the death penalty Article 99 Paragraph (4) for defendants with mental disorders, while also formulating the juridical implications of the new Penal Code's alternative nature of the death penalty and offering a solution for sanction conversion as a means of human rights protection. This research employs the normative legal research method using the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. Primary legal materials are analyzed qualitatively-normatively by testing their consistency (norm hierarchy test) against the 1945 Indonesian Constitution UUD 1945. The study results indicate a fundamental contradiction: Article 99 Paragraph (4) contradicts the principle of criminal accountability (Article 39) and violates the non-derogable rights enshrined in the UUD 1945, particularly the right not to be tortured, by maintaining the death sentence despite the defendant's lack of mental capacity. The alternative nature of the death penalty in the new Penal Code does not alter the basis of criminal accountability for subjects lacking capacity.
Downloads
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 I Kadek Mahardika, Tania Novelin (Penulis)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

