TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK-ANAK DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum, sanksi pidana, serta perlindungan hukum terhadap korban tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap perempuan dan anak di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang dikaji meliputi bagaimana pengaturan hukum tindak pidana kekerasan seksual, bagaimana sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku, serta bagaimana bentuk perlindungan hukum secara mendalam dan komprehensif yang diberikan kepada korban berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri dari bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, bahan hukum sekunder berupa buku dan jurnal ilmiah, serta bahan hukum tersier yang mendukung analisis penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan, sedangkan analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis secara sistematis dan komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual di Indonesia telah diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023, serta Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tidak hanya berupa pidana penjara, tetapi juga mencakup pidana denda dan pidana tambahan seperti restitusi, pencabutan hak tertentu, serta pemberatan pidana dalam kondisi tertentu. Perlindungan hukum terhadap korban meliputi hak atas penanganan, perlindungan, dan pemulihan, termasuk rehabilitasi medis, psikologis, dan sosial secara berkelanjutan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem hukum di Indonesia telah memberikan pengaturan yang komprehensif dalam menangani tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap perempuan dan anak, baik dari aspek pengaturan, pemidanaan, maupun perlindungan terhadap korban, meskipun masih diperlukan penguatan dalam implementasinya secara konsisten, efektif dan berkelanjutan  

This study aims to analyze the legal arrangements, criminal sanctions, and legal protection for victims of sexual violence against women and children in Indonesia. The problems studied include how the legal regulation of sexual violence crimes, how to impose criminal sanctions on perpetrators, and how to provide in-depth and comprehensive legal protection to victims based on applicable laws and regulations. This research uses normative legal research methods with a regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. The legal materials used consist of primary legal materials in the form of laws and regulations, secondary legal materials in the form of books and scientific journals, and tertiary legal materials that support research analysis. The technique of collecting legal materials is carried out through literature studies, while the analysis is carried out qualitatively with a systematic and comprehensive descriptive-analytical method. The results of the study show that the regulation of sexual violence crimes in Indonesia has been regulated in the Criminal Code based on Law Number 1 of 2023, as well as Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning the Crime of Sexual Violence and Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. Criminal sanctions against the perpetrators are not only in the form of imprisonment, but also include fines and additional penalties such as restitution, revocation of certain rights, and criminal imposition under certain conditions. Legal protection for victims includes the right to treatment, protection, and rehabilitation, including ongoing medical, psychological, and social rehabilitation. Thus, it can be concluded that the legal system in Indonesia has provided comprehensive arrangements in dealing with the crime of sexual violence against women and children, both in terms of regulation, criminalization, and protection of victims, although it still needs to be strengthened in its implementation consistently, effectively and sustainably.