Sunari Penjor is an anthropology journal published by the Department of Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University. This journal receives articles relating to culture and its development. We invite experts in the field of social sciences that have interes to the community and culture to send their writings in the form of research results or scientific papers to this scientific journal.
Department of Cultural Anthropology Udayana University
Peran Buruh Perempuan di Pabrik Belantih Coffee Farm, Desa Belantih, Kabupaten Bangli
Women working as laborers at Belantih Coffee Farm do not only carry out domestic roles but are also actively involved in plantation production. This indicates the dual burden they bear. This study aims to understand the roles of female laborers in Belantih Village and the factors influencing their involvement in the farm’s labor system. Using a social role theory based on gender and women's empowerment framework, this research adopts an ethnographic method through observation, interviews, and literature review. The findings show that female laborers contribute to various stages of coffee production, from land preparation to online marketing. Their participation is influenced by sociocultural, economic, educational, resource-based, and internal policy factors. The active involvement of women enhances farm productivity and supports household economies.
Praktik Perawatan Kehamilan dan Persalinan Kelompok Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Melolo, Kecamatan Umalulu, Sumba Timur
This study aims to understand the practice of pregnancy and childbirth care carried out by pregnant women in the working area of the Melolo Health Center, Umalulu District, East Sumba. This research uses qualitative research methods with an interpretive descriptive approach. The theory used in this study is the theory of health care systems by Foster and Anderson, used to understand and explain the behavior of pregnancy and childbirth care through modern and traditional medical care systems. The results showed that the health behaviors carried out by pregnant women in the Melolo Health Center work area mostly mixed pregnancy care methods recommended or recommended by birth attendants while still checking themselves regularly at available health facilities.
Mekanisme Pembuatan Weti pada Sa'o di Kampung Adat Gurusina, Kabupaten Ngada, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Weti on sa’o in Gurusina Traditional Village represents a cultural heritage rich in meaning, yet its continuity faces challenges due to the limited involvement of the younger generation. This study aims to document the mechanism of weti making while examining the symbolic, social, and spiritual values embedded within it. The research employed a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, using observation, interviews, and literature study. The findings reveal that the carving process involves five pade (master carvers) who gain legitimacy through customary law and is accompanied by a series of rituals from material preparation to completion. Weti functions as a symbol of cosmology, collective identity, and social cohesion of the Gurusina community. The practices of mutual cooperation and regular maintenance demonstrate a balance between cultural preservation and adaptation to modernity. Thus, weti plays a crucial role as a medium for transmitting values and safeguarding the cultural continuity of Gurusina.
Resistensi Masyarakat Paraingu Patawangu terhadap PT. MSM di Desa Wanga, Kabupaten Sumba Timur
The Ministry of Agriculture (Kementan) gives encouragement to investors in sugar industry to increase the production capacity to meet the Indonesian’s Government target of sugar needs or swasembada gula in Indonesia by 2024. PT. MSM gave investment to the East Sumba Regional Government to build sugarcane plantation in the region to support the government’s plan, one of them is in Desa Wanga, Umalulu District. The investment of PT. MSM actually have significant benefits both for regional development plans and the community welfare in East Sumba, yet resistance emerged from the people of Paraingu Patawangu community. This article focuses on the reason why the Paraingu Patawangu people perform resistance against PT. MSM, and the forms of their resistances. The study was conducted using qualitative research methods with ethnographic model for two months. Data collection was carried out by observation techniques, interviews, and library studies. Based on the research, it is known that there are three factors which is causing the resistance and at least four forms of resistances.
Kebertahanan Pedagang Ombus-Ombus di Kecamatan Siborongborong, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara
This study is motivated by the shift in consumer preferences, where people now tend to favor modern and fast food, thereby threatening the existence of traditional foods such as ombus-ombus. The ombus-ombus vendors in Siborongborong District, North Tapanuli Regency, face various challenges such as declining customer interest, market competition, rising prices of raw materials, limited capital, and government regulations. The aim of this study is to identify those challenges, the survival strategies used by the vendors, and the driving factors behind their persistence in running the business. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results show that vendors survive by innovating their presentation, maintaining taste quality, building good relationships with customers, and remaining loyal to their cultural heritage. The main driving factors include economic necessity, emotional attachment, and cultural values. The analysis is based on Max Weber’s theory of social action, which examines rational action through instrumental, value-oriented, traditional, and affective dimensions.
Analisis Proses Pelaksanaan Upacara Adat Mengkurak Tulan pada Etnis Pakpak di Desa Jambu Mbellang, Kecamatan Siempat Rube, Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat
This research aims to examine the background of the implementation of the Mengkurak Tulan traditional ceremony and its process. Mengkurak Tulan is a form of respect for parents. The approach used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique involves data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research employs Clifford Geertz's Symbolic Interpretive theory. The Symbolic Interpretive theory will explore the meanings of each tool and activity during the event's implementation. The results of this research indicate that this ceremony is rarely conducted because it requires a lot of preparation. There are two main reasons behind the implementation of the Mengkurak Tulan traditional ceremony: one being the joy felt by the family throughout their lives, and the other being families that experience difficulties or misfortunes. Through this event, they believe it serves as a remedy to heal their misfortunes. Many symbols are used throughout the event, from the beginning to the end. All activities and tools utilized certainly convey meanings that are believed by the Pakpak ethnic group to have specific values.
Front Matter Sunari Penjor Volume 9 Nomor 2 September 2025
Upaya Pengendalian Kecanduan Masturbasi melalui Grup Jejaring Sosial Facebook (Studi Komunitas Nofap Indonesia)
The Purpose of this research is to identify the types of attempts made to overcome masturbation on Facebook sosial media, with an emphasis on the variables that lead people to join the Nofap Indonesia comunity. Based on the results of the study, it was found that masturbation under the influence of pornography has a mentally and physically attacking effect on the individual due to excessive practice. The inadequacy of the individual in overcoming the addiction is a strong reason for a person to seek sources of support in order to escape the addiction. The ease of access to information is one of the factors that attracts individuals to the Nofap Indonesia Facebook community. The types of posts provided by members in it become an effort of support to get out of addiction to pornography and masturbation.
Ekspresi Keagamaan melalui Media Sosial Instagram (Studi Etnografi Hibrida pada Kalangan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Antropologi Unimed)
This study aims to understand how individual spread their religious identity through Instagram social media. The main focus of this study is how students express their religious identity more broadly. This study uses Social Identity Theory using the Hybrid Ethnography method to understand the social meaning of uploaded content, comments given, and interaction patterns that appear on digital platforms. The results of the study show that embedding verses of the holy book in Instagram bios not only reflects a strong religious identity, but also functions as a means to convey religious messages, seek personal motivation, and even as a form of digital preaching. In addition, students also express their religious identity through various other means, such as uploading religious content, and sharing spiritual songs. This study highlights the important role of Instagram in the religious life of students, the Instagram platform is not only a means to express religious identity, but also to share beliefs, and inspire others.
Ritus Peralihan Status Sosial Budaya dalam Upacara Ngerawang di Desa Adat Songan, Kintamani, Bangli
Amid globalization and rapid social change, local traditions face challenges in maintaining their existence. One cultural heritage that remains preserved is the Ngerawang ceremony in Desa Adat Songan, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. This ceremony serves as a means of communication with niskala (unseen) forces and as a mechanism for determining prospective jero (sacred community figures), rooted in ancestral beliefs and spiritual experiences. This study aims to: (a) describe the ngerawang ceremony process, and (b) explore its implications for the lives of jero and the community. Theories of rites of passage and liminality are used to understand the symbolic and functional meanings of the ceremony. A qualitative ethnographic approach was applied through observation, in-depth interviews, and literature study. The findings show that the ceremony begins with a spiritual experience of the jero candidate, followed by rituals at sacred sites through three phases: separation, transition, and incorporation. The implications felt by the jero involve spiritual, social, and personal transformations. The community holds the jero in high esteem as a mediator between the sekala (seen) and niskala worlds. This ceremony holds religious and social significance and strengthens the cultural identity of the people of Desa Adat Songan.
Kebertahanan Upacara Ngaro di Banjar Medura, Desa Sanur Kauh, Denpasar Selatan
Traditional ceremonies embody profound cultural significance for their supporting communities, serving as cultural heritage that must be preserved. The ngaro ceremony represents a tradition continuously maintained by the Banjar Medura community in Sanur Kauh Village as a thanksgiving offering to Dewa Baruna. This study aims to examine the existence of the ngaro ceremony and explore the functions and meanings embedded within it. Data were obtained through a qualitative approach employing ethnographic methods. Data collection utilized interview techniques, observation, and literature review. To analyze the research problem, this study employed Structural Functionalism Theory and Symbolic Interpretation Theory. The findings reveal that the continuity of the ngaro ceremony remains preserved through cultural transmission from generation to generation. The ngaro ceremony comprises three stages: preparation, climax, and closing phases. The ngaro ceremony possesses manifest functions, namely religious and cultural preservation functions, while its latent functions include solidarity and economic functions. The ngaro ceremony also encompasses religious and social meanings.
I Gusti Agung Sagung Istri Tantri Apsari
Faktor Peralihan dari Solu Hole ke Solu Mesin di Desa Hutanamora
Technological transformation is one of the important things in the life sector, including in fisheries. Hutanamora Village is located in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, has experienced a transformation in the use of solu (boats) from holes (paddles) to propulsion engines. This study aims to analyze the factors behind fishermen in Hutanamora Village switching from solu holes (traditional boats) to solu engines. This study uses a qualitative research type with a descriptive approach. This study uses Modernization Theory, a development theory that explains the stages that must be passed by a society to achieve sustainable economic growth. The results of the study show that there are 4 (four) things behind fishermen switching from solu holes to solu engines, namely economic needs, technological advances, environmental conditions and security, and efficiency of time and energy.
Front Matter Sunari Penjor Volume 9 Nomor 1 Maret 2025
Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Tanjung Benoa sebagai Modal Resiliensi Gempa dan Tsunami
The South Bali region has the potential for strong earthquakes that have the risk of triggering tsunamis, including Tanjung Benoa Village which is located in a coastal area with a high level of vulnerability because it is in a coastal area directly adjacent to the Bali Strait and the Indian Ocean. This study aims to examine the adaptation of coastal communities in responding to tsunami disaster vulnerability, using ethnoecological approaches and locally-based resilience. The research was conducted using qualitative methods. The results show that the adaptation of the Tanjung Benoa community is based on local knowledge that has been passed down from generation to generation. Local wisdom-based disaster preparedness is realised through the practice of daily life that is bound in customary unity with clear physical boundaries through Tri Hita Karana. Recognition as the first tsunami ready community by UNESCO/IOC confirms the community's efforts in strengthening village resilience. Disaster preparedness is carried out through sustainable resilience development involving the utilisation of local wisdom and pentahelix collaboration. This research emphasises the importance of integrating local knowledge in the management of disaster-prone areas to create resilient communities.