ANALISIS SINTAKSIS BAHASA JAWA KUNA PADA TEKS PARTHA ADNYANA SURA: UPAYA HISTORIS-KULTURAL PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA IBU
Abstract
The consistency of the syntactic structures found in the Partha Adnyana Sura (PAS) palm-leaf manuscript originating from the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium and discovered in Bali with the syntactic forms of Old Javanese reinforces the argument that Mother Tongue maintenance can be observed through the preservation of syntactic structures and historical-cultural values as cultural identity. This study is limited to clauses with declarative, interrogative, and imperative moods, focusing on syntactic structure patterns derived from verb valency and the grammatical relations of the constituent elements within the PAS text. The theory employed is Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) as proposed by Mary Dalrymple. Data were collected using the observation method (metode simak) with reading and note-taking techniques. Subsequently, the data were analyzed based on sentence structure, clause types, and the relations between subject (S), predicate (P), object (O), complement (PEL), and adjunct (K) using the distributional method (metode agih). The results of the study indicate that: (1) Formally, the PAS text maintains dominant word order patterns (S–V–O and V–S) that persist within the Old Javanese diathesis system; (2) Clause mood is determined by valency configurations at the functional level, where a change in mood does not necessarily require radical morphological changes but rather occurs through the reconfiguration of grammatical functions (SUBJ, OBJ, FOCUS).
Keywords: Old Javanese, Syntax, LFG, Historical-cultural, Mother Tongue Maintenance
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