Effect of McKenzie Cervical Exercise on Neck Pain in Forward Head Posture: A Systematic Review

Nur Hamida; Rizky Wulandari; Lailatuz Zaidah

doi:10.24843/mifi.000001812

Authors

Nur Hamida Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author
Rizky Wulandari Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author
Lailatuz Zaidah Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24843/mifi.000001812

Keywords:

McKenzie Exercise, Forward Head Posture, Neck Pain, Physical Therapy Modalities, Posture

Abstract

Background: Forward Head Posture (FHP) is a common postural disorder characterized by anterior displacement of the head, resulting in increased mechanical stress on the cervical spine and neck musculature. The widespread use of smartphones and computers has contributed to the increasing prevalence of FHP and associated neck pain. McKenzie Cervical Exercise, based on the Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) approach, is frequently used to improve posture, reduce pain, and restore cervical function. However, evidence regarding its effectiveness in individuals with FHP remains inconsistent.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of McKenzie Cervical Exercise in reducing neck pain among individuals with FHP.

Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, PEDro, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2016 and 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies involving individuals with FHP who received McKenzie Cervical Exercise and reported neck pain outcomes. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed narratively.

Results: Most studies reported statistically significant reductions in neck pain (p < 0.05), accompanied by improvements in cervical range of motion, craniovertebral angle, posture, and functional outcomes. Several studies also demonstrated increased cervical flexibility and reduced muscle tension following intervention.

Conclusion: McKenzie Cervical Exercise appears effective in reducing neck pain and improving cervical function in individuals with FHP. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are recommended to strengthen the evidence base.