Trunk Flexibility and Postural Balance in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Aging is associated with physiological changes such as decreased muscle mass and reduced connective tissue elasticity, which may impair trunk flexibility and postural balance. Declines in these physical functions are linked to a higher risk of falls and loss of independence in older adults.

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 88 older adults aged 60 years and above from the Tamalanrea Community Health Center, Makassar. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling according to predefined inclusion criteria. Trunk flexibility was measured using the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test, while postural balance was assessed with the Berg Balance Scale. Data were analyzed with Somers’ D test to determine the strength and significance of the relationship between trunk flexibility and balance.

Results: Most participants demonstrated poor trunk flexibility and impaired postural balance requiring walking assistance (66.7%). Somers’ D analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between trunk flexibility and postural balance (p = 0.000; p < 0.05), with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.649, indicating a strong positive association.

Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between trunk flexibility and postural balance in older adults. Enhancing trunk flexibility may improve postural control and help reduce fall risk in the elderly population.