Physiotherapy Management After ACL Reconstruction Using Exercise and Cryotherapy: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is essential for knee stability, and its injury can result in pain, weakness, limited range of motion (ROM), muscle spasm, edema, and functional impairment. This case describes a patient who presented with pain during knee flexion-extension, decreased hamstring and quadriceps strength, restricted ROM, and difficulty performing daily activities. The case is notable for the patient’s rapid recovery following a short-term physiotherapy program integrating exercise therapy and cryotherapy.

Methods: A case report design was applied at KRMT Wongsonegoro Regional Public Hospital, Semarang. Physiotherapy management included structured exercise therapy and cryotherapy. Patient outcomes were assessed in terms of pain, muscle strength, ROM, edema, muscle spasm, and functional activity.

Results: After four treatment sessions, the patient demonstrated decreased pain during knee movement, improved hamstring and quadriceps strength, enhanced ROM, reduced muscle spasms and edema, and better performance of functional tasks.

Conclusion: A short-term physiotherapy program combining exercise therapy and cryotherapy effectively reduced pain, improved muscle strength, enhanced ROM, and facilitated functional recovery following ACL reconstruction. This case emphasizes the potential benefits of multimodal physiotherapy in supporting early rehabilitation outcomes.