Core Stability Training for Balance Improvement in a Post-Operative Spinal Tuberculosis Patient: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Spinal tuberculosis (TB spondylitis) is a severe manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, characterized by chronic spinal inflammation. Surgical management is often required for debridement and stabilization but may compromise postural control and balance.

Methods: This case report describes a 36-year-old male who underwent spinal tuberculosis surgery and subsequently received physiotherapy with a focus on core stability training. The intervention consisted of six physiotherapy sessions conducted twice weekly, emphasizing pelvic tilting exercises to improve trunk stability. Balance outcomes were assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Additionally, a literature review was performed using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ProQuest with the keywords “spondylitis tuberculosis” AND “core stability,” limited to full-text articles published between 2018 and 2023.

Results: The patient’s BBS score increased from 6 at baseline to 21 after six sessions, suggesting improved balance performance. This improvement is likely associated with enhanced trunk stability and activation of local stabilizing muscles. Core stability exercises are known to stimulate sensory and motor receptors, thereby improving neuromuscular control and postural balance.

Conclusion: Core stability training demonstrated short-term effectiveness in improving balance in a post-operative spinal tuberculosis patient. While these results are promising, the short duration of intervention limits long-term evaluation. Further studies are needed to confirm the sustained benefits of core training in this population.