Cross-Sectional Study on Sitting Posture, Kyphosis, and Scoliosis in Elementary Students

Ni Kadek Nova Milani Dewi; I Putu Yudi Pramana Putra; Luh Putu Ratna Sundari; I Made Jawi

doi:10.24843/

Authors

Ni Kadek Nova Milani Dewi Bachelor and Profession of Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Author
I Putu Yudi Pramana Putra Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Author
Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Author
I Made Jawi Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24843/

Keywords:

sitting posture, spinal deformity, kyphosis, scoliosis, elementary school students

Abstract

Background: Non-ergonomic sitting posture in school-aged children may increase the risk of spinal deformities, such as kyphosis and scoliosis. This study analyzes the relationship between sitting posture, assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and kyphosis and scoliosis in students at SD Negeri 1 Renon.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 90 participants selected through purposive sampling. Sitting posture was evaluated using REBA via the ErgoFellow application, with posture documentation recorded at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th minutes and subsequently analyzed using Kinovea software. Kyphosis was measured using a flexible curve ruler, while scoliosis was assessed with a scoliometer.
Results: Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship between sitting posture and spinal deformities (p = 0.000). Spearman’s rho test indicated a positive correlation between sitting posture and kyphosis (r = 0.646, p = 0.000) and scoliosis (r = 0.400, p = 0.000).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between sitting posture and the occurrence of kyphosis and scoliosis in elementary school students. These findings emphasize the importance of ergonomic education and interventions to prevent spinal deformities in school-aged children.