Core Stabilization and Stretching Improve Functional Mobility in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Case Report

Abstract

Background: Lumbar spondylolisthesis may cause low back pain, impaired balance, and reduced functional mobility. Conservative physiotherapy is commonly recommended for low-grade spondylolisthesis; however, evidence regarding combined core stabilization and stretching exercises in older adults remains limited.
Objective: To describe the potential effects of combined core stabilization and stretching exercises on pain and functional mobility in a patient with Grade I lumbar spondylolisthesis.
Methods: This single-patient case report involved a 68-year-old woman diagnosed with Grade I L3–L4 lumbar spondylolisthesis. The patient received core stabilization and stretching exercises twice weekly for 3 weeks (6 sessions). Outcomes were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Romberg test, 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Percentage changes were calculated descriptively. Differential diagnoses, including lumbar spinal stenosis and discogenic low back pain, were clinically excluded.
Results: After intervention, pain intensity decreased from 6/10 to 3/10 on the NRS. TUG performance improved from 22 s to 19 s, while 2MWT distance increased from 90 m to 115 m. Improvements were also observed in Romberg test performance. ODI decreased from 58% to 50%, indicating reduced disability. No adverse events were reported during the intervention period.
Conclusion: Combined core stabilization and stretching exercises may provide potential benefits in reducing pain and improving functional mobility in Grade I lumbar spondylolisthesis. However, interpretation should remain cautious because the findings were derived from a single-case report with limited follow-up duration.