Multimodal Physiotherapy in Sciatica: A Case Report on Pain and Functional Improvement

Candra Arung Ariyani; Wahyu Tri Sudaryanto; Yunita Nur Rochmah3

doi:10.24843/mifi.000001827

Authors

Candra Arung Ariyani Professional Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia Author
Wahyu Tri Sudaryanto Medical Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Clinic, Rumah Sakit UNS, Surakarta, Indonesia Author
Yunita Nur Rochmah3 Professional Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24843/mifi.000001827

Keywords:

Sciatica, Physical Therapy Modalities, Exercise Therapy, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation, Rehabilitation

Abstract

Background: Sciatica is a neuropathic pain condition characterized by radiating pain along the sciatic nerve, often associated with lumbar nerve root compression and functional disability. Although physiotherapy is recommended as first-line management, evidence regarding structured multimodal interventions in clinical settings remains limited.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of multimodal physiotherapy on pain and functional outcomes in a patient with sciatica.

Methods: A single-subject case report (n=1) was conducted following CARE guidelines. A 46-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of left-sided radiating pain. The patient underwent eight physiotherapy sessions over four weeks, including Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, Shortwave Diathermy, myofascial release, nerve gliding, and William flexion exercises. Outcomes were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), range of motion, Manual Muscle Testing, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Clinical significance was evaluated using minimal clinically important difference thresholds (NRS ≥2; ODI ≥10).

Results: Pain intensity decreased from NRS 8 to 3 (Δ=5), exceeding the MCID. Functional disability improved from ODI 40% (moderate disability) to 18% (mild disability) (Δ=22 points), also exceeding the MCID. Range of motion increased across all directions, and trunk muscle strength improved from grade 4 to grade 5.

Conclusion: This case suggests that multimodal physiotherapy may provide clinically meaningful improvements in pain and functional outcomes in patients with sciatica. These findings highlight the potential benefit of combining electrotherapy and exercise-based interventions in clinical practice.