Exploring Perceived Effects of Foi Doa Exercise in Older Adults with Hypertension: A Descriptive Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is highly prevalent among older adults and remains a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity. In addition to pharmacological treatment, culturally grounded physical activities are increasingly considered as complementary non-pharmacological approaches to enhance acceptability in community settings. Foi Doa exercise combines gentle body movements with traditional bamboo instrumental music from East Nusa Tenggara and is perceived to promote relaxation among older adults.
Objective: This study explored older adults’ experiences and perceived effects of Foi Doa exercise as a complementary non-pharmacological approach to hypertension management.
Methods: A descriptive qualitative study with thematic content analysis was conducted. Older adults diagnosed with hypertension participated in Foi Doa exercise sessions once daily for three consecutive days. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and descriptive-supportive blood pressure monitoring. Blood pressure data were used solely to contextualize participants’ experiences, not to assess clinical effectiveness.
Results: Two community-dwelling older adults (n = 2) participated. Participants reported physical relaxation, emotional calmness, improved body comfort, and high acceptance of the exercise. Traditional music and slow, gentle movements enhanced enjoyment, motivation, and cultural familiarity. Blood pressure values remained stable throughout the intervention period.
Conclusion: Foi Doa exercise was perceived as a calming, culturally meaningful, and acceptable complementary activity among older adults with hypertension, supporting its potential role in community-based health promotion rather than as a primary therapeutic intervention.