IMPLIKASI YURIDIS RITUAL NGUREK DI BALI BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2023

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana yang selanjutnya disingkat KUHP dalam mengatur pelaksanaan ritual Ngurek di Bali apabila menimbulkan korban jiwa dan menganalisis penerapan KUHP dalam menjaga keseimbangan antara penegakan hukum pidana dan pelestarian warisan budaya pada ritual tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan ritual Ngurek dapat menimbulkan pertanggungjawaban pidana jika terdapat korban jiwa, namun terdapat alasan penghapusan pidana apabila pelaku mengalami gangguan kejiwaan (kondisi bawah sadar). Selain itu, penerapan restorative justice melalui mekanisme pengamanan, edukasi masyarakat, dan koordinasi antara aparat hukum dengan pemuka adat sangat penting untuk memastikan pelestarian budaya berjalan seiring dengan penegakan hukum yang adil dan efektif.  

This study aims to examine the provisions of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Code) in regulating the implementation of the Ngurek ritual in Bali when it results in fatalities, and to analyze the application of the Criminal Code in maintaining a balance between criminal law enforcement and the preservation of cultural heritage in the ritual. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The findings indicate that the implementation of the Ngurek ritual may give rise to criminal liability if fatalities occur; however, there are grounds for exemption from criminal responsibility if the perpetrator suffers from mental disorders (subconscious condition). Furthermore, the application of restorative justice through security mechanisms, community education, and coordination between law enforcement officers and traditional leaders is essential to ensure that cultural preservation proceeds alongside fair and effective law enforcement.